Unit 1
A. Introduction and Themes
B. Sub-Saharan Africa
C. North Africa and Southwest Asia
D. Mini-Theme: Life in a Developing Country
E. Exam 1 Review
Unit 2
A. The Chinese Realm
B. South Asia
C. Southeast Asia and the Pacific
D. Mini-Theme: Population Geography
E. Exam 2 -- Take-Home Exam
Unit 3
A. Middle America
B. South America
C. Mini-Theme: Immigration
D. Exam 3 Review
GEOGRAPHY OF THE DEVELOPING WORLD
Unit 1
A. Introduction and Themes
B. Sub-Saharan Africa
C. North Africa and Southwest Asia
D. Mini-Theme: Life in a Developing Country
E. Exam 1 Review
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GEOGRAPHY OF THE DEVELOPING WORLD
Unit 1
INTRODUCTION and THEMES
A. INTRODUCTION
B. THEMES
Geography of the Developing World
Introduction/Themes
MAP CONSTRUCTION
Realms (Figure I-1, pp. 4-5 with modifications)
Developing Developed
Middle America North America
South America Europe
North Africa and Southwest Asia Russia
Sub-Saharan Africa Japan
China Australia- New Zealand
South Asia
Southeast Asia
The Pacific Realm
Continents
North America South America Europe
Asia Africa Australia
Antarctica
Water Bodies
Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean Indian Ocean
Mediterranean Sea
Countries/States
United States Russia China
Japan India Illinois
Mountains
Rocky Mountains Alps Himalayas
Andes
Climatic Regions (Figure I-7, pp. 16-17 and Figure I-8, p. 18)
Tropical Rain Forests (A Climates) Deserts (BW climates)
Major Population Clusters (Figure I-9, pp. 22-23)
East Asia South Asia Europe
World Map
Geography of the Developing World
THEME 1
Regional and Physical Geography
REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY
a. Reading Assignments
de Blij: pp. 2-7, 25-27, 33-39, 52 (box), A8-A14 (appendix C)
b. Vocabulary
realm region
regional criteria spatial perspective
transition zone history analogy
boundary model (p.52 box)
core periphery
c. Key Maps: I-1 World Geographic Realms (as modified in class)
I-12 World Realms and their Regions
d. Objectives
1. Understand the geographic point of view and its uses. What is geography? What kinds of issues are included in the study of geography? Why?
2. Understand the importance of the regional concept in the study of geography and be able to delineate regions by applying the regional criteria..
3. Apply the regional criteria to an area of the developing world. Why is it a realm or region? Why is it divided from adjacent areas?
e. The Regional Concept
1. What is a Region?
2. Why do geographers use regions?
3. What criteria could be used to designate a region?
DEFINITION: scientific devices that allow us to make spatial generalizations based on artificial criteria that we establish for the purpose of constructing regions
CRITERIA:
physical
economic
historical
cultural (religion, language, political, other)
population clusters
combinations of criteria
PROPERTIES:
area
location
boundaries are transition zones
boundaries change
QUESTIONS:
1. Where is the realm or region?
2. What criteria is being used to designate this region?
3. How is the realm significantly different from adjacent realm?
(i.e. explain the boundary or transition zones between realms.)
4. What are the significant properties?
ASSIGNMENT: Theme Activity -- See "Assignments" in the Syllabus.
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
a. Reading Assignments
de Blij: pp. 7-20, 23-25, A6-A7 (appendix B)
b. Vocabulary
A climates B climates C climates
D climates Highland climates (H)
plateau plains continental drift
physiography
c. Key Maps: I-4 World Landscapes
I-6 World Precipitation
I-7 World Climates
I-8 World Vegetation
I-9 World Population Distribution
d. Objectives
1. Develop an understanding of the spatial distributions of the world's landscapes, precipitation, climates, and vegetation. Be able to use maps to see relationships among these and world events.
2. Locate the world's major population clusters.
3. Understand where people live and why they live there?
4. Human-Environment interaction is an important concept in geography. Students should see connections between human activities and the physical environment.
SUMMARY: Regional and Physical Geography
Human-Environment Interaction
1. Understand the basic physical geography of the world's developing realms and their unique physical attributes.
2. Where do people live and why?
Regional Criteria
1. Apply criteria to realms.
2. Apply criteria to regions within realms.
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Geography of the Developing World
THEME 2
Economic Geography, Development, and Change
MEASURES OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
a. Reading Assignments
de Blij: pp. 28-33, 157, 236, 415, appendix A
b. Vocabulary
GDP (GNP) GDP per capita LDCs
MDCs third world second world
first world doubling time rule of 70
primary activities secondary activities tertiary activities
quaternary activities urbanization infrastructure
literacy life expectancy infant mortality
overconsumption
c. Key Maps: I-11 World Economies
5-2 World Agriculture
World Life Expectancy at Birth
World Population Growth
d. Measures
1. GDP per capita
2. Population Growth
3. Occupational Structure of the Labor Force
4. Urbanization
5. Consumption per capita
6. Infrastructure
7. Social Conditions
literacy rate caloric intake
life expectancy infant mortality
health care other
e. Objectives
1. Understand how each Measure indicates the level of economic development. (What is high? low?)
2. Learn and be able to appropriately use the vocabulary.
3. Apply the measures to the world's realms classifying them into "more developed" and "less developed" categories
4. Begin to appreciate the uses for geographic software programs like PC Globe Maps 'N Facts.
ASSIGNMENT: Theme Activity -- See " Assignments" in Syllabus.
ECONOMIC CHANGE
a. Reading Assignments
de Blij: pp. 51-55, 338, 235-239
videos: Mexico (IMF video)
South Korea and Tanzania (International Economics)
b. Vocabulary
agrarian revolution industrial revolution
functional specialization regional complementarity
capitalism/market economy central planning
monopoly regional economic integration
GATT/WTO trade barriers / protectionism
structural adjustment IMF
World Bank exchange rate
privatization subsidies
price controls productivity
economic incentives 5 Es
command economy
c. Three Overlapping Components
1. A Move Toward Capitalism (changing economic systems)
2. Freer Trade
3. Economic Development
d. Objectives
1. Compare market and command economies.
2. List the arguments of those who support and oppose freer trade.
3. Understand the arguments of economists in support of free trade.
4. Explain the goal of the following economic changes often proposed by the IMF:
a. privatization
b. exchange rate reform
c. removal of price controls
d. debt reduction
e. import liberalization
5. List some examples of regional economic integration.
SUMMARY: Economic Geography , Development, and Change
1. Interpret and compare the Measures of Economic Development for the world's developing realms.
2. How do people make a living and why?
3. Understand recent economic developments and their resource base.
e. A Comparison of Command Economies and Market Economies.
ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
CHARACTERISTIC COMMAND ECONOMY MARKET ECONOMY
ownership of resources: government ownership private ownership
decision making: centrally planned by the market
motivation: "social good" self interest and profit
prices and wages: set by the government set by the market
often distorted change with market
result: inefficiency economic efficiency
full employment periods of unemploy.
low inflation periods of inflation
low standard of living high standard of living
shortages wide range available
more equal distrib. less equal distrib.
problems: corruption=self interest monopoly= inefficiency
lack of incentives inequality
distorted prices changing prices
inefficiency instability (UE, IN)
pollution
OVERALL: LESS FOR MORE MORE FOR LESS
(INEFFICIENT) (EFFICIENT)
The 5 "E"s of Economics
Measures of Economic Development and Maps in the Goode's Atlas
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Geography of the Developing World
THEME 3
Cultural Geography, Diversity, and Conflicts
a. Reading Assignments
de Blij: pp. 20-23, 25-27, 56 (box), 56-57, 60-63, 93 (box), 278 (box),
477 (box)
b. Vocabulary
culture cultural landscape
sequent occupance nation
state nation-state
cold war irredentism
balkanization devolution
acculturation transculturation
centripetal and centrifugal forces coup d'etat
c. Key Maps: 6-1 Religions of the World
d. Objectives
1. Be able to define the vocabulary above and give examples from the developing world.
2. How does the cultural diversity found in the developing countries affect their economic and political development? Give examples.
3. Understand the concept of a nation state. Discuss how this is a source of cultural conflicts and political instability.
4. Define and understand the terms balkanization, devolution, and irredentism. Name some countries in where these concepts apply and EXPLAIN.
5. List the centripetal and the centrifugal forces causing unity, or balkanization and devolution, in some countries in the developing world.
e. Summary: Cultural Geography, Diversity, and Conflict
Cultural Geography
1. Understand the spatial distribution of religion, language, governments, and other cultural features.
2. Recognize the significance of these distributions.
Diversity and Conflicts
1. Locate cultural and political conflicts.
2. Who is fighting whom?
3. Why?
Ethnic and Religious Distribution by CountryEthnic and Religious Distribution by CountryEthnic and Religious Distribution by CountryEthnic and Religious Distribution by Country
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Geography of the Developing World
THEME 4
Historical Geography and Colonialism
a. Reading Assignments
de Blij p.203-207, 235-240, 276-280, 282, 337-343, 376-382, 423-428, 482-488
b. Vocabulary
colonialism imperialism geometric borders
historical geog. spatial process spatial diffusion )
sequent occupance culture hearth Ottoman empire
Mesoamerica
c. Key Maps: 4-4 Caribbean Region: Colonial Spheres ca. 1850
7-6 Sub-Saharan Africa: Colonization and Liberation
10-4 Colonial Spheres in Southeast Asia
d. Impact of Colonization in Sub-Saharan Africa
(developed by Harper students, Spring, 1994)
1. Economic development modified for benefit of Europe.
2. Inappropriate technologies introduced.
3. Coastal states rose in power while the interior's influence declined.
4. Political stability declined(?) as national liberation movements arose.
5. Geometric borders ignored cultural geography.
6. Migration routes closed off.
7. Colonial cities arose.
8. European model of government introduced often contrary to the traditional culture of direct access and communication.
9. Crude Death Rates decreased resulting in an increase in the rate of population growth.
10. Colonial transportation networks established connecting the interior to the coast with few internal connections.
11. Trade patterns directed toward Europe diminishing local regional complementarities.
12. Dual economies established: a modern European sector along side a traditional subsistence sector.
13. Introduction of Europeans systems of education.
14. Introduction of European religions
e. Objectives
1. Develop a general idea of the major imperial powers in the last two centuries and the locations of their colonies.
2. Understand the effects of colonization.
3. Locate and discuss the world's major ancient culture hearths..
f. SUMMARY: Historical Geography and Colonialism
1. Understand precolonial history and its effects today.
2. Understand colonial history (if any) and its effects today.
Geography of the Developing World
SUMMARY OF THEMES
(TO BE APPLIED TO EACH REALM)
Regional and Physical Geography
Human-Environment Interaction
1. Understand the basic physical geography of the world's developing realms and their unique physical attributes.
2. Where do people live and why?
Regional Criteria
1. Apply criteria to realms.
2. Apply criteria to regions within realms.
Economic Geography , Development, and change
1. Interpret and compare the Measures of Economic Development for the world's developing realms.
2. How do people make a living and why?
3. Understand recent economic developments and their resource base.
Cultural Geography, Diversity, and Conflict
Cultural Geography
1. Understand the spatial distribution of religion, language, governments, and other cultural features.
2. Recognize the significance of these distributions.
Diversity and Conflicts
1. Locate cultural and political conflicts.
2. Who is fighting whom?
3. Why?
Historical Geography and Colonialism
1. Understand precolonial history and its effects today.
2. Understand colonial history (if any) and its effects today.
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What you can DO versus what do you KNOW.
The point of these objectives is not to memorize but to apply, analyze, and predict. See the "Critical Thinking" section of the syllabus.
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GEOGRAPHY OF THE DEVELOPING WORLD
Unit 1
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Geography of the Developing World
UNIT 1
Sub-Saharan Africa
Reading Assignments -- Sub-Saharan Africa
de Blij: Chapter 7, Also use index
Sub-Saharan Africa (chapter 7):
R&P GEOG: CULT GEOG: ECON GEOG: HIST GEOG:
327-333 343-346 333-337 337-343
346-367 351
Objectives -- Sub-Saharan Africa
1. Where do people live in Sub-Saharan Africa and why? (R&P GEOG)
2. Locate the major features of Sub-Saharan Africa on a map, including the countries, prominent physical regions, climatic regions, primary rivers, and major water bodies.
3. Explain the rationale for dividing Africa into North Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa and for dividing Sub-Saharan Africa into its regions. (R&P GEOG)
4. Discuss the cultural diversity found in Sub-Saharan Africa and problems associated with it. Compare the concept of a nation-state to the independent states of Sub-Saharan Africa. Discuss how this is a source of cultural conflicts in the region. (CULT GEOG)
5. Describe the unique physical geography of the African continent and the processes responsible for these unique features. (R&P GEOG)
6. Discuss the impact of colonization in Sub-Saharan Africa. Include economic development, political stability, and geometric borders in your discussion. Compare the different styles and policies of colonization used by the Europeans. (HIST GEOG)
7. Identify the major economic activities that occur in Sub-Saharan Africa and understand some of the current economic problems and changes. (ECON GEOG)
8. Define and understand the terms balkanization, devolution, and irredentism. Name some countries in Sub-Saharan Africa where these concepts apply and EXPLAIN. List the centripetal and the centrifugal forces causing balkanization or devolution in those countries. (Examples: Ethiopia and Eritrea, Somalia, Sudan, Rwanda and Burundi, Angola, Mozambique, Liberia, others.) (CULT GEOG)
9. Develop a basic understanding of the development of the current political situation in South Africa.(CULT GEOG)
Vocabulary -- Sub-Saharan Africa
de Blij --Sub-Saharan Africa (Chapter 7)
rift valley continental drift
green revolution sequent occupance
Berlin conference great escarpment
periodic market Sahel
nomadism buffer zone
neocolonialism Afrikaners
apartheid homelands
African National Congress (ANC)
LDC Atlas Suggestions -- Sub-Saharan Africa
Listed below are some suggested topics for the LDC Atlas from this chapter. (See "Assignments" in the Syllabus.)
Conflict in Rwanda shifting cultivation Where people live/why?
unique phys. geog. major rivers Region: ..(select one)......
Nomadism British colonies French colonies
Portuguese colonies Measures of development mining
Conflict in Rwanda Conflict in Liberia Conflict in Sierra Leone
Other conflicts
Map Construction -- Sub-Saharan Africa
Physical Geography
Water Bodies
Lake Victoria Indian Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Rivers
Niger River Zaire (Congo) River
Zambezi River Orange River
Nile River Blue Nile
White Nile
Land Areas
Madagascar Kalahari Desert
Cape of Good Hope Ethiopian Highlands
Congo Basin the Sahel
the Sahara Namib Desert
rift valley great escarpment
Political Geography
Countries
Angola Benin Botswana
Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon
Central Afr.Republic Chad Congo
Equatorial Guinea Ethiopia Gabon
Gambia Ghana Guinea
Guinea-Bissau Ivory Coast Kenya
Lesotho Liberia Madagascar
Malawi Mali Mauritania
Mozambique Namibia Niger
Rwanda Senegal Sierra Leone
South Africa Swaziland Tanzania
Togo Uganda Zaire
Zambia Zimbabwe Eritrea
Nigeria Somalia
Regional Geography
Regions
West Africa Equatorial Africa
Southern Africa East Africa
MeasuresMeasuresOutline MapGEOGRAPHY OF THE DEVELOPING WORLD
Unit 1
North Africa and Southwest Asia
Geography of the Developing World
UNIT 1
North Africa and Southwest Asia
Reading Assignments -- North Africa and Southwest Asia
de Blij: Chapter 6
R&P GEOG: CULT GEOG: ECON GEOG: HIST GEOG:
274-276 280-287 287-290 276-280
290-324 283 (box) 286-287
282-286
302 (box)
315 (box)
316 (box)
Objectives -- North Africa and Southwest Asia
1. Identify the criteria used to designate this realm and the regions within it. (R&P GEOG)
2. Locate the major features of Southwest Asia and North Africa on a map, including the countries, prominent physical regions, primary rivers, and major land and water bodies. (R&P GEOG)
3. Explain the three main religions of Southwest Asia and North Africa and the role each plays in the area today. Emphasize the different roles of Islam on the life and politics of its followers. Evaluate the relative strength of Arab nationalism today. (CULT GEOG)
4. Describe the impact of Western colonization the Middle East and North Africa and Russian colonization of Turkestan. Indicate the impact that colonization has on politics in these countries today. (HIST GEOG)
5. Explain some of the origins of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Also, describe the present status of the Arab/Israeli Peace Accord signed in Washington, DC. in October, 1993 and the issues which need to still be resolved today. (CULT GEOG)
6. Describe the role of ethnic groups and nationalism in this realm. Also, examine the devolutionary and balkanization forces in the following areas:
(1) Turkestan, (2) Tunisia or Algeria, (3) Afghanistan, (4) Iraq, (5) other (CULT GEOG)
7. Discuss the role of oil in the economic development of the region. (ECON GEOG)
8. Apply the measures of economic development to the region. (ECON GEOG)
Vocabulary -- North Africa and Southwest Asia
Islam Sunni/Shiite
jihad Judaism
Intifada Christianity
Islamic fundamentalism Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)
shatter belt balkanization
irredentism culture hearth
centrifugal forces centripetal forces
nation state
nation-state Maghreb
Kurdistan Turkestan
buffer state devolution
culture hearth Mesopotamia
geometric boundary physiographic
OPEC Sahel
nomadism
LDC Atlas Suggestions -- N. Africa & SW Asia
Listed below are some suggested topics for the LDC Atlas from this chapter. (See "Assignments" in the Syllabus.)
Conflict in Israel Region:...(select one)...... Where people live/why?
The Kurds Marsh Shiites British colonies
French colonies Italian colonies Israeli-Palestinian peace?
Political problems in Algeria The Nile Nomadism
Measures of development Monarchies Aral Sea
Why include Turkestan? Oil: Where/Effects? Islam
Formation of Israel Sunni/Shiite Islamic Fundamentalism
Conflict in Afghanistan Conflict in Turkestan Conflict in Azerbaijan
Phys. Geog. of the Realm
Map Construction -- North Africa and Southwest Asia
Physical Geography
Mountains
Atlas Mountains Hindu Kush Mountains
Ethiopian Highlands Zagros Mountains
Deserts
Sahara Desert Rub al Khali (desert)
Rivers
Nile Tigris Euphrates
White Nile Blue Nile
Water Bodies
Red Sea Strait of Gibraltar
Persian Gulf Mediterranean Sea
Aral Sea Lake Nasser
Caspian Sea Black Sea
Land Bodies
Sinai Peninsula Cyprus
West Bank Gaza
Political Geography
Countries
Afghanistan Algeria Bahrain
Cyprus Djibouti Egypt
Eritrea Iran Iraq
Israel Jordan Kazakhstan
Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Lebanon
Libya Morocco Oman
Qatar Saudi Arabia Somalia
Sudan Syria Tajikistan
Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan
United Arab Emirates Uzbekistan Yemen
Regional Geography
Regions
Egypt and the Lower Nile Basin Maghreb and its neighbors
African Transition Zone Middle East
Arabian Peninsula Empire States
Turkestan
MeasuresMeasuresOutline MapGEOGRAPHY OF THE DEVELOPING WORLD
Unit 1
Mini-Theme: Life in a Developing Country
Geography of the Developing World
Mini-Theme: Life in a Developing Country
a. Reading Assignments
Study Guide: Tropical Africa by Tony Binns, pp.100-104
A Man's Day / A Women's Day
Video: ?
Slides: Instructor's slides of Kenya
CD-ROM: The Material World
b. Vocabulary
periodic market tribe Peace Corps
ugali maize
c. Objectives
1. To begin understanding how different life is in a developing country from life in the United States.
2. To recognize that our own experiences affect the way we view the developing world (i.e. often there isn't a "right" way to do something).
3. To think about the often times difficult role of women in the developing world.
d. Slides
1. What was your initial reaction to the slide show on Kenya?
2. What additional questions do you have?
3. Would you like to live as your instructor did in a developing country for a while? Why or why not?
Reading Guide for Tropical Africa by Tony Binns, pp.100-104Tropical Africa by Tony Binns, pp.100-104Tropical Africa by Tony Binns, pp.100-104Tropical Africa by Tony Binns, pp.100-104Tropical Africa by Tony Binns, pp.100-104A Man's Day / A Woman's DayGEOGRAPHY OF THE DEVELOPING WORLD
Unit 1
Exam 1 Review
Geography of the Developing World
Exam 1 -- Review
To prepare for the exam:
- keep your Study Guide open to the Objectives, Vocabulary, and other information
- pay close attention to the THEMES, again, see the Study Guide (p. 47)
- you should have already read the material (Intro, 8, 7, handouts), if not READ!
- take notes as you read, see the Objectives in the Study Guide AGAIN!
- read your class notes
- prepare study notes of each objective and vocabulary word
these study notes should summarize your class notes and textbook
Remember, I do not stress simple memorization, but rather my exam questions will require the APPLICATION of the terms and concepts we have studied. In order to do this you do need some facts. These you get from the readings. But as you read, or review, try to fit the material into our four themes. Take notes that relate the readings to the themes and objectives. This should be work. Reading, if it is easy, really isn't learning.
The exam will have a variety of question types: Multiple Choice, Short Answer, Essay, Map Work, Lists, Definitions, etc. Those listed here are JUST EXAMPLES. Do not just prepare answers to them. These should be used as a guide so that you can see if you are prepared. If you could not answer SIMILAR types of questions on DIFFERENT issues covered in class then you are NOT ready. If all you do is look up the answers to these questions you will not pass. If, AFTER STUDYING all the material, you could answer all of these questions easily, you are probably ready.
SAMPLE QUESTIONS
REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY
1. What are the five "regional criteria"?
2. Given the hypothetical data and maps of Harperland below:
How would you divide these countries into realms?
Explain and justify your answer by applying the regional criteria using the maps and data provided.
3. Explain what could be "geographic" about a course entitled "The Geography of NFL Football Teams"?
(What is geography? What do geographers study?)
4. Why are all (almost) regional boundaries "transition zones"?
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
5. Briefly describe A Climates (or B, C, D, H).
6. Locate the world's three main population clusters on a map. Use the "5 Reasons why people live where they do" to explain why so many people live in these clusters.
7. Given the hypothetical data and maps of Harperland below, indicate where you think most people would live and explain why.
ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY
8. What does LDC stand for? (MDC?)
9. What are the 1st world, 2nd world, and the 3rd world?
10. Why is the term "Third World" used very little now?
11. Which of the following is a Primary Economic Activity? (Secondary? Tertiary? Quaternary?)
12. What are the "Measures of Economic Development"?
13. For each measure of economic development:
What is high? low?
What indicates an LDC? MDC?
Explain.
14. Given the hypothetical data and maps of Harperland below: Are these countries a MDCs or LDCs? Justify your answer.
15. Why is GDP (or GNP) not a good measure of economic development or of a country's standard of living?
16. Of the developing realms, which is the most urbanized? least urbanized? most developed? least developed?
ECONOMIC CHANGE
17. Define regional complementarity and give an example.
18. List the characteristics of Market Economies and of Command Economies.
19. List the costs and benefits of Market Economies and of Command Economies.
20. List the policies included in Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs).
21. What are Structural Adjustment Programs and why are so many countries undertaking them?
22. How do most of the people living in LDCs make a living?
23. What is efficiency?
CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY
24. Define culture, list its components, and give examples of its components?
25. Explain the differences between state, nation, nation-state, and multinational state. citing examples.
26. Give real-world examples of: balkanization, irredentism, and devolution.
27. List several centrifugal forces and centripetal forces found in many LDCs.
28. Compare and contrast acculturation and transculturation, giving examples of each.
29. How has the cold war led to political instability in some LDCs? Give examples.
HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY
30. Who was the major colonial power in South America? South Asia? Middle America?
31. Name a colonial power and the present-day country they colonized in Southeast Asia. in North Africa and Southwest Asia. in Sub-Saharan Africa.
32. What is a culture hearth?
33. Where was the Ottoman Empire and when did it collapse?
34. List 5 effects of colonization and give a real-world example of each.
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
35. Apply the "'Regional Criteria" to the border between North Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa. Why did the author of the textbook divide Africa into two different realm?
36. Apply the "Regional Criteria" to one region (or 2,3,4) of Sub-Saharan Africa.
37. Where are population densities the highest in Sub-Saharan Africa and why? (Where do people live and why?)
38. Discuss the UNIQUE physical geography of Africa.
39. What is the process responsible for the escarpments, elongated lakes and lack of major mountain chains, that we find in Sub-Saharan Africa? Explain.
40. Give a example from Sub-Saharan Africa for each of the following and explain:
balkanization, irredentism, centrifugal force, centripetal force, nation, state, nation-state, multinational state, cold war, coup d'etat
41. What is shifting cultivation, where does it occur, and why does it occur there?
42.. What problems are associated with shifting cultivation?
43. Explain briefly the recent political history of South Africa. Use the following term correctly in your explanation: apartheid, homelands, African National Congress (A.N.C.), Afrikaner
44. Why are many people surprised at the actual size of Africa?
NORTH AFRICA AND SOUTHWEST ASIA
45. Discuss why the following terms have been applied to North Africa and Southwest Asia and state the problems with each of them.
The Dry World
The Arab World
The Muslim World (Islamic)
The Middle East
46. Select one (or 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) of the regions within North Africa and Southwest Asia and apply the "regional criteria" to explain who it is different from adjacent regions.
47. Briefly explain the 1948 origin of Israel and the current Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
48. Explain the current state of the Israeli-Palestinian Peace Accord.
49. Who are the Kurds?
50. Briefly describe the events of the 1990-91 Gulf War.
51. Locate on a map the three main areas where oil is found in North Africa and Southwest Asia.
52. List and briefly discuss the FOUR DIVISIVE FORCES mentioned in the textbook.
53. What culture hearth(s) was/were located in North Africa and Southwest Asia?
54. How is oil a "double edged sword"? (List the benefits and the problems encountered by the oil-rich states of North Africa and Southwest Asia.
55. Where do most people live in North Africa and Southwest Asia and why?
Harperland Atlas
Harperland
Measures of Economic Development
Country GNP/pers Pop growth Wkfce prim Urban pop Energy cons Road km Land area Deaths <1
Facland 21100 0.6 3 78 9542 6261876 83635 4.0
Stuudland 990 2.9 67 24 200 122000 94534 22.0
Adminstra. 1240 1.7 22 35 354 19857 15590 18.0
Grads 4400 1.0 18 55 1760 52264 9880 12.0
Flunk 320 3.6 76 18 78 10789 9356 25.0
GNP/pers GNP per capita
Pop growth Annual population growth rate (%)
Wkfce prim % of workforce in primary activities
Urban pop Urban population as a % of total population
Energy cons Energy consumption in kg per person
Road km length of road network
Land area total land area in square kilometers
Deaths <1 Deaths of children less than 1 year old out of 1000 live births