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I. What is geography?
A. The spatial perspective: how human activities are organized in space and how they relate to the natural environment.B. The five themes of geography:
- Location
- Place
- Region
- Movement
- Human-environment interaction.
II. Maps
A. Maps—a 2-dimensional graphical representation of the surface of the earth.B. Ways that maps manipulate and distort information.
- projection
- simplification
- map scale
- aggregation
- map type
1. Choice of projection
- Mercator
- Robinson
2. Simplification—what to put on and leave off the map
2. Change of scale
- Representative fraction
- Verbal scale
- Graphic scale
- Small vs. large scale defined
4. Level of aggregation
5. Choice of type of map
- Reference map
- Thematic map
- Choropleth
- Isoline
- Proportional Symbol
- Dot
Millions of ways any particular map could have been made. These choices will affect the message conveyed by the map. Insert your own examples.
III. Spatial data and GIS
IV. Historical geography of African Americans
A. Slave trade 1619-1808
- Southern plantations
- Freed/escaped slaves
B. Emancipation in 1863
- Sharecropping system leads to indebtedness, trapping blacks in South
- Lack of information about opportunities in North
- 90% lived in south in 1900
C. Post-World War I—Northward Migration
- Immigrant labor supply cut off
- Industrial recruiters look south
- Mechanization of cotton-picking in 1945
- 50% lived in South by 1970
D. Post-1970 Reversal in Migration Flows
- Civil rights movement of the 1960s
- Race riots in northern cities
- Return migration from urban North to urban South
E. Census treatment of race and ethnicity
F. Race and ethnicity as socially constructed variables
INSTRUCTOR:
E-Mail instructor: mhealy@harper.cc.il.us
Office: J-262, 847-925-6352
Home: 815-728-1571